Security council reform

About Solution

The innovative proposal of rotating Permanent Membership (rPM)

The fail of all the previous proposals over the last eight decades may be attributed to the fact that each proposal was focusing on the national interests of the presenting states regardless to serving the national interests of the five permanent members in the Council and the burden laid over them in order to maintain global peace and security 256. " None of the above proposals suggest a manner in which the interests of permanent members and those of the rest of the UN membership can be simultaneously cared for" (Rukambe: 54). In this paper a proposal for rotating Permanent seats is presented. The rotating model is not new in itself; Italy presented a proposal stated that " Ten seats that rotate among the region members (replacing existing NPM seats)" (Gould and Rablen, 2017), while this proposal is rotating the permanent seats and keeping the veto. The main goal of this proposal is increasing representative and achieving democracy and legitimacy through a slight modification in the UNSC structure without the need of expansion to keep decisiveness and effectiveness in the decision-making process. The idea of the “rotating seats” is to give one permanent seat to three permanent members which will share it permanently in consecutive cycles of 18 months. In each group the super power state will be the main actor either in action or behind the scene. This solution also is aiming for solving the poor representation of some regions and over-representation of others. At the same time avoiding increase in number of permanent members with veto which may make the dead-lock situation even worse. In the table: 6 below, different groups in the new system is presented.

Group 1

Russia, India and Japan

Group 2

China, Australia and United Emirates of Arab (UEA)

Group 3

United Kingdom (UK), France and Germany

Group 4

United States (US), Brazil and Canada

Group 5

Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa

As seen in the above mentioned groups; Group 1 is a very powerful group, consisting of one super power (Russia), one of the largest participants in the peacekeeping troops (India) and one of the most generous donors for the organization (Japan). In Group 2, Japan is not included to avoid antagonism between it and the rising super power (China), a huge piece of land, resources and people which never had been in negotiations for representation in the UNSC (Australia) and one of the most advanced Arab states in science and technology (UEA). The third group, Group 3, representing the old lady (Europe) in which almost all states are already in the European Union and almost are sharing the same attitude and vision in the global governance. In addition, the European continent had enjoyed over representation at the Security Council for decades without the actual need to use veto. Addition of both UK and France in one group together with one large donor and supporter of the organization (Germany) will form a homogenous and powerful group without affecting the efficiency of decision making process. Group 4 comprised the mega power State (US) and a rising power and a good representative for Latin America (Brazil) together with a medium power and an active defender for Human Rights (Canada). This group in particular will dress up the United States with the modern appearance of democracy and heroic defender of Human Rights without affecting the US’s image and influence inside the council. The United States will maintain its role as a veto owner and influencer. The last group, group 5, is representing the long ignored, the poorest represented part of the world, Africa with three promising states in the aspects of maintaining stability, peace and security in the middle east, economic power and human resources (Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa). Under the umbrella of African Union (AU), the three states will work together on solving issues concerning the developing countries and will cooperate with the developed countries to implement sustainability development goals SDGs with a modern vision for democracy and human rights.

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